Common Name/s: Rhinoceros, Rhino. There are five species of rhino alive today, the White rhino (aka Square-Lipped), Sumatran rhino, Black rhino (aka Hook-Lipped rhino), Javan rhino, Indian rhino (aka Great Indian rhino).

Scientific Name/s: Ceratotherium simum (White rhino), Dicerorhinus sumatrensis (Sumatran rhino), Diceros bicornis (Black rhino), Rhinoceros sondaicus (Javan rhino), Rhinoceros unicornis (Indian rhino).

Range and Habitat: All five species are native to Africa, the Middle East, and southern Asia.

Status: Critically Endangered

Rhinos are one of the most critically endangered species on the planet. Black rhino populations fell from 60,000 in 1970 to 2,500 in 1990 as poachers targeted their horns. Traditional Chinese medicine has posed the greatest threat to rhinos. Some practitioners use rhino horn to treat fevers and other maladies such as headaches, skin diseases, heart and liver trouble, toothache and even snake bites. In North Yemen, rhino horn is used to make traditional 'jamboyia' dagger handles.